Our Products
Zinc Concentrate
Description
Zinc is a bluish-white, lustrous metal. It is brittle at ordinary temperatures but malleable at 100 to 150°C. It is a reasonable conductor of electricity, and burns in air at high red heat with evolution of white clouds of the oxide.
Zinc can be produced pyrometallurgically or hydrometallurgically, depending on the type of ore used as a charge. In the pyrometallurgical process, ore concentrate containing lead, zinc, or both is fed, in some cases after sintering, into a primary smelter. Zinc concentration is in the range of 40–60%, with sulfur content in sulfidic ores in the range of 26–34%. Ores with a mixture of lead and zinc concentrate usually have lower respective metal concentrations. During sintering, a blast of hot air or oxygen is used to oxidize the sulfur present in the feed to sulfur dioxide (SO2).
Application:
Lead Concentrate
Description
It is a silvery-gray crystalline solid substance. It is insoluble in water and denser than water. It easily penetrates the soil to contaminate groundwater and nearby waterways. Contact may mildly irritate skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. It may be mildly toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption.
Lead can be produced pyro-metallurgically or hydro-metallurgically, depending on the type of ore used as a charge. In the pyro-metallurgical process, ore concentrate containing lead, zinc, or both is fed, in some cases after sintering, into a primary smelter. Lead concentrations can be 50–70%, and the sulfur content of sulfidic ores is in the range of 15–20%. Ores with a mixture of lead and zinc concentrate usually have lower respective metal concentrations. During sintering, a blast of hot air or oxygen is used to oxidize the sulfur present in the feed to sulfur dioxide (SO2). Blast furnaces are used in conventional processes for reduction and refining of lead compounds to produce lead.
Application
The single most important commercial use of lead is in the manufacture of lead-acid storage batteries. It is also used in alloys such as fusible metals, antifriction metals, solder, type metal, alloy of lead with antimony, tin, and sometimes copper. Shot lead is an alloy of lead, antimony, and arsenic. Lead foil is made with lead alloys. Lead is used for covering cables and as a lining for laboratory sinks, tanks, and the "chambers" in the lead-chamber process for the manufacture of sulfuric acid. It is used extensively in plumbing, piping systems inside buildings for water supply and sewage. Because it has excellent vibration-dampening characteristics, lead is often used to support heavy machinery. Lead is also employed as protective shielding against X rays and radiation from nuclear reactors. Lead has many commonly used compounds and is used to make other chemicals.
Nickel Ore
Specifications
Description
A silvery-white, magnetic metallic element, Nickel occurs naturally in many ores such as nicolite, pyrrhotite, pentlandite, and garnierite as well as in metallic meteorites. Its abundance in the earth's crust is 99 ppm and large reserves are located in Ontario, Norway, Finland, Cuba, China, and Australia. Nickel was first isolated by Axel F. Cronstedt in 1751.
Applications
Metallic nickel is a hard, malleable metal that can take a high polish and remain untarnished. It is most often used as protective and ornamental electroplated coatings on other metals, such as iron and steel. Nickel is also used to produce Monal, a highly corrosion resistant nickel-copper alloy, as well as many other alloys.
Copper Ore
Description
Most copper ore bodies are mined from minerals created by weathering of the primary copper ore mineral chalcopyrite. Minerals in the enriched zone include chalcocite, bornite, djurleite. Minerals in the oxidized zones include malachite, azurite, chyrsocolla, cuprite, tenorite, native copper and brochantite.
Cuprite, the copper ore is a deep red color mineral that is the primary source for copper. It is a fairly common mineral often located with malachite and azurite. Major mining areas for cuprite occur in England, Germany, France, Siberia, Australia, China, Chile, Peru, Bolivia, and the U.S.
Application
After passing through several stages of extracting copper from ore, pure Copper Cathodes of 99.9% purity may be shipped as melting stock to mills or foundries. Cathodes may also be cast into wire rod, billets, cakes or ingots, generally, as pure copper or alloyed with other metals. Cathode is converted into:
Description
Zinc is a bluish-white, lustrous metal. It is brittle at ordinary temperatures but malleable at 100 to 150°C. It is a reasonable conductor of electricity, and burns in air at high red heat with evolution of white clouds of the oxide.
Zinc can be produced pyrometallurgically or hydrometallurgically, depending on the type of ore used as a charge. In the pyrometallurgical process, ore concentrate containing lead, zinc, or both is fed, in some cases after sintering, into a primary smelter. Zinc concentration is in the range of 40–60%, with sulfur content in sulfidic ores in the range of 26–34%. Ores with a mixture of lead and zinc concentrate usually have lower respective metal concentrations. During sintering, a blast of hot air or oxygen is used to oxidize the sulfur present in the feed to sulfur dioxide (SO2).
Application:
- Galvanizing is the process by which zinc is metallurgically bonded to steel, thereby giving the steel the most advanced and cost-effective anti-corrosion coating. Galvanized steel is used wherever corrosion is a threat.
- Brass is a family of copper-zinc alloys. The zinc content of brass ranges from 10% to more than 40%. Besides its traditional use for door handles, lighting fixtures and decorative objects, brass is now an increasingly popular material with architects, interior designers and consumers.
- The strength and fluidity of die-casting alloys based on high purity zinc make them ideal for thousands of die-casting applications, such as household appliances, precision parts for cars, computers and communications equipment.
Lead Concentrate
Description
It is a silvery-gray crystalline solid substance. It is insoluble in water and denser than water. It easily penetrates the soil to contaminate groundwater and nearby waterways. Contact may mildly irritate skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. It may be mildly toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption.
Lead can be produced pyro-metallurgically or hydro-metallurgically, depending on the type of ore used as a charge. In the pyro-metallurgical process, ore concentrate containing lead, zinc, or both is fed, in some cases after sintering, into a primary smelter. Lead concentrations can be 50–70%, and the sulfur content of sulfidic ores is in the range of 15–20%. Ores with a mixture of lead and zinc concentrate usually have lower respective metal concentrations. During sintering, a blast of hot air or oxygen is used to oxidize the sulfur present in the feed to sulfur dioxide (SO2). Blast furnaces are used in conventional processes for reduction and refining of lead compounds to produce lead.
Application
The single most important commercial use of lead is in the manufacture of lead-acid storage batteries. It is also used in alloys such as fusible metals, antifriction metals, solder, type metal, alloy of lead with antimony, tin, and sometimes copper. Shot lead is an alloy of lead, antimony, and arsenic. Lead foil is made with lead alloys. Lead is used for covering cables and as a lining for laboratory sinks, tanks, and the "chambers" in the lead-chamber process for the manufacture of sulfuric acid. It is used extensively in plumbing, piping systems inside buildings for water supply and sewage. Because it has excellent vibration-dampening characteristics, lead is often used to support heavy machinery. Lead is also employed as protective shielding against X rays and radiation from nuclear reactors. Lead has many commonly used compounds and is used to make other chemicals.
Nickel Ore
Specifications
Description
A silvery-white, magnetic metallic element, Nickel occurs naturally in many ores such as nicolite, pyrrhotite, pentlandite, and garnierite as well as in metallic meteorites. Its abundance in the earth's crust is 99 ppm and large reserves are located in Ontario, Norway, Finland, Cuba, China, and Australia. Nickel was first isolated by Axel F. Cronstedt in 1751.
Applications
Metallic nickel is a hard, malleable metal that can take a high polish and remain untarnished. It is most often used as protective and ornamental electroplated coatings on other metals, such as iron and steel. Nickel is also used to produce Monal, a highly corrosion resistant nickel-copper alloy, as well as many other alloys.
Copper Ore
Description
Most copper ore bodies are mined from minerals created by weathering of the primary copper ore mineral chalcopyrite. Minerals in the enriched zone include chalcocite, bornite, djurleite. Minerals in the oxidized zones include malachite, azurite, chyrsocolla, cuprite, tenorite, native copper and brochantite.
Cuprite, the copper ore is a deep red color mineral that is the primary source for copper. It is a fairly common mineral often located with malachite and azurite. Major mining areas for cuprite occur in England, Germany, France, Siberia, Australia, China, Chile, Peru, Bolivia, and the U.S.
Application
After passing through several stages of extracting copper from ore, pure Copper Cathodes of 99.9% purity may be shipped as melting stock to mills or foundries. Cathodes may also be cast into wire rod, billets, cakes or ingots, generally, as pure copper or alloyed with other metals. Cathode is converted into:
- Wire Rod - Coiled rod about 1/2" in diameter is drawn down by wire mills to make pure copper wire of all gages.
- Billet - 30' logs, about 8" diameter, of pure copper are sawed into these shorter lengths which are extruded and then drawn as tube, rod and bar stock of many varied sizes and shapes. Rod stock may be used for forging.
- Cake - Slabs of pure copper, generally about 8" thick and up to 28' long, may be hot- and cold-rolled to produce plate, sheet, strip and foil.
- Ingot - Bricks of pure copper may be used by mills for alloying with other metals or used by foundries for casting.